Dance Styles
Having an infusion of dance styles will not only make you stand out on stage with a memorable performance, for many competitions it can also be worth some sweet sweet bonus points. But WHAT are all of the dance styles in existence and do you know how to recognize (or better yet, perform) them? Let’s take a look at the different dance styles and their key characteristics:
Ballet:
- Graceful, precise, and technical
- Emphasizes turnout, pointed feet, and fluid movement
- Classical storytelling and structured choreography
- Styles include Classical, Neoclassical, and Contemporary Ballet
Jazz
- High energy, syncopated rhythms, and isolations
- Includes leaps, kicks, turns, and sharp movements
- Influenced by African, Latin, and ballet techniques
- Variations: Classic Jazz, Broadway Jazz, and Jazz Funk
Contemporary
- Fusion of ballet, jazz, and modern dance
- Fluid, expressive, and often abstract movements
- Strong emphasis on floor work, breath, and emotional storytelling
- Uses improvisation and dynamic energy shifts
Modern
- Rebellion against classical ballet’s strict structure
- More grounded movements with a focus on contraction and release
- Pioneers: Martha Graham, Isadora Duncan, and Merce Cunningham
- Often performed barefoot
Hip-Hop
- Urban street dance with strong beats and grooves
- Includes breaking (B-boying/B-girling), popping, locking, and krumping
- Highly improvisational with freestyle elements
- Often performed to hip-hop, funk, or electronic music
Tap
- Percussive footwork using metal taps on shoes
- Syncopated rhythms and intricate foot patterns
- Two main styles: Broadway Tap (showy, musical theater style) and Rhythm Tap (more intricate and jazz-influenced)
Ballroom
- Partner dance with smooth and Latin styles
- Smooth Ballroom: Waltz, Tango, Foxtrot, Viennese Waltz
- Latin Ballroom: Cha-Cha, Rumba, Samba, Jive, Paso Doble
- Emphasis on posture, connection, and rhythm
Salsa
- Latin partner dance with fast footwork and hip action
- Emphasizes spins, intricate arm movements, and energetic rhythms
- Originated in Cuba and evolved in New York and Puerto Rico
Bachata
- Dominican Republic partner dance with romantic, smooth movements
- Features simple footwork, body rolls, and close connection
- Styles: Dominican, Sensual, and Modern Bachata
Flamenco
- Traditional Spanish dance with intense passion
- Includes foot stomping (zapateado), hand claps (palmas), and expressive arm movements
- Often accompanied by live guitar and singing
Swing
- Lively, upbeat partner dance from the 1920s-40s jazz era
- Includes styles like Lindy Hop, East Coast Swing, and West Coast Swing
- Characterized by fast footwork, lifts, and aerials
Charleston
- 1920s jazz dance with energetic kicks and fast movements
- Often danced solo or with a partner
- Syncopated and playful movements
Argentine Tango
- Improvised, intimate partner dance with close connection
- Slow, deliberate footwork with intricate leg hooks and embellishments
- Emphasizes musicality and improvisation
Belly Dance
- Middle Eastern dance focusing on isolations of the torso
- Undulating hip and abdominal movements, shimmies, and fluid arms
- Various styles, including Egyptian, Turkish, and Tribal Fusion
Kizomba
- Slow, smooth partner dance from Angola
- Focuses on connection, fluidity, and sensual body movement
- Danced to rhythmic, romantic music
House Dance
- Social street dance style from underground club culture
- Quick footwork, fluid upper body, and groove-based movements
- Includes elements of lofting and jacking
Waacking
- Expressive dance with dramatic arm movements and posing
- Originated in LGBTQ+ disco clubs in the 1970s
- Emphasizes musicality, speed, and storytelling
Vogue
- Inspired by fashion poses and exaggerated lines
- Styles: Old Way (precise, geometric movements), New Way (more flexibility), and Vogue Fem (fluid, dramatic, and feminine)
- Popularized by ballroom culture and Madonna’s “Vogue”
Krump
- High-energy street dance with expressive, aggressive movements
- Originated in Los Angeles as a way to express emotions
- Characterized by chest pops, arm swings, and quick footwork
Bharatanatyam
- Classical Indian dance with storytelling through hand gestures (mudras)
- Rhythmic footwork and expressive facial expressions
- Traditionally performed in temples
Kathak
- North Indian classical dance with intricate footwork and fast spins
- Includes rhythmic storytelling and expressive gestures
- Often accompanied by live tabla music
Odissi
- Classical Indian dance with fluid upper body and grounded stances
- Inspired by temple sculptures and Hindu mythology
- Graceful and intricate storytelling
African Dance
- Rooted in traditional African cultures, highly rhythmic
- Emphasizes full-body movement, high-energy jumps, and percussive footwork
- Often performed to live drumming
Step Dance (Stepping)
- Body percussion-based dance using stomps, claps, and vocal calls
- Popular in African American fraternities/sororities
- High-energy and synchronized
Irish Dance
- Rapid footwork with minimal upper body movement
- Styles include Soft Shoe (graceful, light) and Hard Shoe (rhythmic, percussive)
- Popularized by “Riverdance”
Clogging
- Appalachian dance style with percussive foot stomping
- Similar to tap but with a looser, folk-style approach
- Often performed to bluegrass music
Polynesian (Hula, Tahitian, Siva Afi)
- Hula (Hawaiian) tells stories through hand gestures and hip movements
- Tahitian dance features rapid hip shaking (ote’a)
- Siva Afi (Samoan Fire Knife) is an acrobatic, martial-arts-inspired dance
Folk Dance
- Traditional dances representing various cultures
- Includes styles like Russian Cossack, Greek Sirtaki, and German Schuhplattler
- Typically social and performed in groups
Can-Can
- French cabaret dance with high kicks and splits
- Fast-paced and energetic, often performed in a chorus line
- Famous for its association with the Moulin Rouge
Burlesque
- Theatrical dance with elements of seduction and comedy
- Often features feather boas, gloves, and dramatic movements
- Inspired by vintage jazz and cabaret
Twerk
- Twerking has roots in West African dance styles (like Mapouka) and evolved through hip-hop, dancehall, and bounce music influences.
- Rhythmic hip movements and strong lower-body engagement with variation in speed and levels
- Isolated hip movements, popping and shaking, squatting and bending
Hiplet
- a unique dance style that combines classical ballet technique with urban dance influences.
- traditional ballet pointe work but with rhythmic, grounded, and percussive movements rather than the usual airy, classical style.
- Rhythmic footwork with sharp syncopated footwork and often follows hip-hop or R&B beats.
- Movements emphasize rhythm and timing, responding to bass-heavy beats rather than classical music.
- Urban Flair & Attitude – Hiplet dancers incorporate expressive head movements, hand gestures, and attitude-driven styling influenced by hip-hop culture.
- Fusion of Styles – While hip-hop is a primary influence, Hiplet can also blend elements of jazz, contemporary, and even dancehall styles.